Sahyadri IAS

It originates from a glacier near Bokhar Chu in the Tibetan region at an altitude of 4,164 m in the Kailash Mountain range near the Mansarovar Lake.

Left and Right bank tributaries

Zaskar river, Suru river, Soan river, Jhelum River, Chenab River, Ravi River, Beas river, Satluj river, Panjnad river are its major left-bank tributaries.
Shyok River, Gilgit river, Hunza river, Swat river, Kunnar river, Kurram river, Gomal River, and Kabul river are its major right-bank tributaries.

Shyok River

Rising from the Karakoram Range, it flows through the Northern Ladakh region in J&K
It has a length of about 550km.
A tributary of the Indus River, it originates from the Rimo Glacier.
The river widens at the confluence with the Nubra River
Shyok River marks the south-eastern fringe of the Karakoram ranges by forming a V-shaped bend around it.

Nubra River

It is the main tributary of the Shyok River.
It originated from the Nubra Glacier, in a depression to the east of Saltoro Kangri Peak
Nubra River meanders towards the southeast to join the Shyok River downstream of Shyok Valley at the base of the Ladakh range
Nubra Valley, situated at an altitude of 3048m, is formed out of the Nubra River
The catchment area is devoid of vegetation and human habitation due to high elevation and lack of rainfall.

Shigar River

It is a small right-bank tributary of the Indus River in its course through the Ladakh region of J&K
It rises from the Hispar Glacier.
It joins Indus at Skardu.
The Shigar River descends down a very steep gradient
Its entire catchment has been influenced by the action of glaciers.

Gilgit River

It is an important right-bank tributary of the Indus River in its course through the Ladakh region of J&K
It originates from a glacier near the extreme northwestern boundary of the Himalayas
The entire catchment area of the Gilgit River is bleak and desolate
Bunji is the main human settlement along the river
Ghizar and Hunza are the major right and left bank tributaries respectively.

Hunza River

It is an important left-bank tributary of the Gilgit River
It rises from a glacier north of the Karakoram Range in the northwestern part of J&K
It flows southeast and cuts across the Karakoram Range through a spectacular gorge
Downstream, the Hunza River follows a southwesterly direction in its middle course
Then it cuts across an offshoot of the Karakoram range and changes course to the southeast in its lower course before merging with the Gilgit a little upstream of Bunji where the latter river empties itself into the Indus.

Zanskar River

Chenab River

The Chenab originates from near the Bara Lacha Pass in the Lahul-Spiti part of the Zaskar Range.
Chenab river is formed by the confluence of the Chandra and Bhaga rivers at Tandi located in the upper Himalayas in the Lahul and Spiti District of Himachal Pradesh
In its upper reaches, it is also known as the Chandrabhaga
It flows through the Jammu region of J&K into the plains of Punjab in Pakistan
The waters of the Chenab are allocated to Pakistan under the terms of the Indus Water Treaty
Baghliar Dam has been constructed on this river
The river is crossed in J&K by the world’s highest railways bridge name Chenab Bridge.

Jhelum River

It is a tributary of the Chenab River and has a total length of 813km
The river Jhelum rises from a spring at Verinag situated at the foot of the Pir Panjal in the southeastern part of the valley of Kashmir in India.
The Kishenganga (Neelum) River, the largest tributary of Jhelum, joins it.
The Chenab merges with the Sutlej to form the Panjnad River which joins the Indus River at Mithankot
The waters of the Jhelum are allocated to Pakistan under the terms of the Indus WatersTreaty
It ends in a confluence with the Chenab in Pakistan.

Kishanganga River

It originates at Drass in the Kargil district of J&K
The Neelam River enters Pakistan from India near the Line of Control and then runs west till it meets the Jhelum River
It is also called as Neelam River (Neelum) either due to its sky cold water or due to the precious stone “ruby (Neelam)” that is found in this area
It is famous for ice-cold water and trout fish.

Ravi River

The Ravi River originates Dhauladhar range of the Himalayas in the Chamba district of HP. Ravi has its source in Kullu hills near the Rohtang Pass in Himachal Pradesh.
It follows a northwesterly course and is a perennial river having a total length of about 720km
The waters of the Ravi River are allocated to India under the Indus Waters Treaty
The major multipurpose project built on the river is the Ranjit Sagar Dam ( Thein dam as it is located in Theinvillage)
Chamba town is situated on the right bank of the river.
The right bank tributaries of the Ravi are the Budhil, Tundahan Beljedi, Saho and Siul; and its left bank tributary worth mentioning is Chirchind Nala.
The Ujh river is a tributary of the Ravi River that flows through the Kathua district in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Ujh Multipurpose Project is planned to be constructed in Kathua District of Jammu & Kashmir on the River Ujh.
Shahpurkandi Dam project is located on the Ravi River in Pathankot district, Punjab, downstream from the existing Ranjit Sagar Dam.

Sutlej River

The Sutlej is sometimes known as the Red River.
It rises from beyond the Indian borders in the southern slopes of the Kailash Mountain near Mansarover Lake from Rakas Lake.
It enters HP at Shipki La and flows in the South-westerly direction through Kinnaur, Shimla, Kullu, Solan, Mandi, and Bilaspur districts.
It leaves HP to enter the plains of Punjab at Bhakra, where the world’s highest gravity dam- Bhakra Nangal Dam, has been constructed on this river.
The waters of the Sutlej are allocated to India under the Indus Water Treaty b/w India and Pakistan and is mainly used for power generation and irrigation of many large canals draw water from it
Across the river, there are many hydroelectric and irrigation projects such as the Kol Dam, Nathpa Jhakri project.

Beas River

Beas River, an important river of the Indus River System, emerges from Rohtang pass in HP
The river before entering Pakistan merges with the Sutlej River at Hari-Ke-Pattan in Punjab
The total length of this river is 460km and the river covers 256km through HP
The tourist resorts of Manali is situated on the right banks of the River Beas.